THE IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENTAL FLUCTUATIONS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF INTERNATIONAL MARITIME TRANSPORTATION

Анотація

This article presents an analytical review of the current state of global maritime fleet development and the impact of environmental fluctuations on the efficiency and effectiveness of international maritime transport. The research objective is to develop information and analytical tools to support maritime transport logistics processes in the face of unpredictable environmental changes, which is essential for improving the efficiency of international maritime transport management. The article notes the dominance of vessels of various functional purposes in maritime trade. China's dominance is supported by the bulk carrier and container ship sector, Japan by refrigerated vessels and liquefied petroleum gas vessels, the United States by cruise ships, and Singapore by vessels transporting liquefied natural gas and supporting offshore fields. The article determines that, against the backdrop of growing international transport, disruptions and interruptions associated with geopolitical conflicts and climate risks are observed. A substantive interpretation of the impact of geopolitical conflicts on the efficiency of maritime transport is offered. An analysis of the components of the influence of the external environment on the efficiency of transport is provided. The paper outlines the key trends in the modern development of maritime freight transportation in the context of dynamic environmental changes, including a 2% growth in global seaborne trade with significant cost fluctuations, regional transport disruptions, and rising consumer prices caused by rising freight rates. Recommendations and prospects for the development of maritime transportation in an uncertain environment are offered, including the use of modern low-carbon fuel technologies, coordinated route planning, and the development of new logistics solutions