PHRASEOLOGIES IN ENGLISH SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL TEXTS ON OPERATION OF MARINE TRANSPORT

Abstract

The specificity of the functional varieties of the expression of information does not impede the national unity of the language, thereby confirming that phraseological units can also function as units of the nomination of special concepts in the specialized scientific and technical text of a professional language, and in some cases they represent the emphasized national identity of the author of the statement.

The article explores the distribution of phraseological units in scientific and technical texts on the topic of the operation of maritime transport. Extralinguistic factors affecting the composition of a specialized language on the topic of the operation of maritime transport are considered. It is shown that there is a direct relationship between the values of phraseological units and the content of the scientific and technical text.

The article identifies groups of phraseological elements, in the conceptual content of which the idea of the marine transport industry is updated as a stably recognizable image, and phraseological units are studied using the term “marine industry” as an example. It is proved that in the overwhelming majority of cases, phraseological units verbalize the complex concept of "problem solving", representing an understanding of hard, dangerous work as a portrait phenomenon of the maritime transport industry.

Applying the procedures of morphemic analysis of the key components of terminological phrases and derivational synthesis, the parameters of term–assimilation are identified in the work: the use of the most productive, easily recognizable, tested methods of word formation; selection of a two–sided unit with the expected value explicitly presented at the level of the content plan; advantage of word–building models similar to already existing patterns, which ensures the predictability of the term.

The article proves that a sharp increase in the volume, quality and multilingualism of communication in modern scientific and technical fields is reflected in the scientific corpus of the language in the form of a terminization phenomenon of phraseological units. In this process, phraseological units receive additional special meanings and begin to function as multicomponent terms. Two directions of the transition of phraseological units into the category of terms are established: the commonly used phraseological unit itself is directly terminized; the phraseological terminology is determininized in the general literary sphere and reterminologized in another special sphere, different from the first special sphere.