FEATURES AND REQUIREMENTS FOR NAVIGATIONAL SAFETY OF NAVIGATION ON INLAND WATERWAYS

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to develop requirements and to determine the features of building a subsystem of navigational safety of navigation on inland waterways. This goal is achieved by analyzing existing and prospective systems of navigation safety support for navigation on inland waterways and formulating appropriate requirements that will ensure the specified indicators. Moreover, the development of requirements and determination of the features of building a subsystem of navigational safety of navigation consider the unity of management and control over the functioning of the chain of control and correction stations on inland waterways of Ukraine. The procedure for selecting the necessary angles of inclination of satellites that affect the quality and range of communication is proved. The most significant result is the development of requirements for the accuracy and discreteness of positioning of differential systems, which allows us to highlight the features of the placement of control and correction stations of the subsystem of navigation safety of navigation, characteristic of inland waterways, which differ significantly fromthe requirements for marine areas. The main factors affecting the accuracy of the system are determined. The main influence on the error is made by the change of the satellite elevation angle. It is proved that to maintain the accuracy of the system at more than 500-700 km from the control point, it is necessary to limit the use of satellites with elevation angles greater than 10°. It is necessary to consider the time of day, geographical latitude, time of year and phases of the solar activity cycle. The degradation of the error at a distance from the control point from 100 km to 500 km increases by 5 times at the angles of satellite elevation. The significance of the obtained results lies in the formulation of requirements and determination of the peculiarities of building a subsystem of navigation safety of navigation on inland waterways, considering their specifics, which will reduce the cost of deploying system elements, while increasing its accuracy. Thus, the studies have shown the effectiveness of the proposed approach for the further development of the subsystem of navigation safety of navigation.