DEVELOPMENT OF A METHOD FOR DIAGNOSING THE TECHNICAL CONDITION OF ELEMENTS OF THE MAIN POWER PLANT OF WATER TRANSPORT

Abstract

Consider the issue of diagnosing the technical condition of the power plant of water transport. The performed analysis of the design and operation of power plants of water transport means determined that their improvement should be carried out in the following directions: increasing the stability of the work of the parts of the crank-connecting mechanism and the motion bearings; reduction of energy losses due to the increase of elastic damping properties of the lubricant, which ensures lubrication and cooling of the diesel components of the shaft and the shaft line; minimization of hydraulic losses and contact loads in high-pressure fuel equipment; development of methods for diagnosing the technical condition of diesel engine components and parts, as well as the functional characteristics of working fluids that ensure useful work. This was confirmed by the results of tests performed on 6EY22AW marine diesel engines, which consisted in measuring the mechanical efficiency coefficient at different operating modes (corresponding to 35, 50, 65 and 80% load) at different intensities replenishment of the lubrication system (after every 100 hours of operation, after every 25 hours of operation and after every 10 hours of operation) and according to various options of adding surface-active substances to engine oil. As a result of experimental studies, it was established that the reduction of mechanical losses of a diesel engine is proportional to the increase of its mechanical efficiency. This parameter during the operation of the Yanmar 6EY22AW diesel engine with the intensity of adding motor oil to the circulation lubrication system recommended by the manufacturer and without additional addition of surfactants to the volume of motor oil in the load range of 35...80% of the nominal load is within 0.722 ...0.842. The choice of the optimal mode of replenishment of the circulation system, as well as the addition of a surfactant with an optimal concentration to the total volume of the circulation system contributes to a 9.62-14.62% increase in the mechanical efficiency of the diesel engine and a corresponding reduction in its mechanical losses. At the same time, studies were carried out to determine the content of metal impurities entering the engine oil of the circulating lubrication system and the total alkalinity of the oil during 1,000 hours of diesel engine operation. At the same time, it was determined that the operating conditions, during which the highest values of the mechanical coefficient of useful action are observed, correspond to the cases of the lowest content of metal impurities in the lubricant and the highest values of the final alkaline number of the lubricant.