ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ МЕТОДУ УПРАВЛІННЯ РУХОМ СУДЕН МОРСЬКОГО ТРАНСПОРТУ ПІД ЧАС ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЇХ БЕЗПЕЧНОГО РОЗХОДЖЕННЯ

Abstract

Considered the methods of control and management of the vessel movements, during manoeuvring in order to ensure their safe divergences under the condition of good visibility. To solve the question of ensuring the safety of navigation , subsets of situations of excessive convergence of ships considered with different mutual responsibilities and with different locations of ships from each other, which are regulated by the relevant rules of the International Rules for the Prevention of Collisions of Ships at Sea, which establish the interaction of ships depending on the situation that arose during dangerous rapprochement.

Determined that the process of divergence of two ships involves changing the situation of dangerous convergence to an acceptable safe situation with the using maneuver of divergence. Indicated that in order to ensure the process of safe divergence, an important component is the management of the convergence situation, which determines the potential possibility of changing the dangerous situation by performing the divergence manoeuvre. It is also stated that due to the large number of various situations in the mutual locations of ships, certain difficulties arise in the correctness of actions taken to ensure their safe divergence. Therefore, the issue of formalization of the process of developing methods for controlling the movements of the vessels, in terms of manoeuvring ships during divergences, as well as determining the method of managing the movement of sea transport vessels while ensuring their safe divergences which is a actual and promising scientific direction that affects on the safety of navigation.

As the main dangerous situations that arise during the separation of ships, consider the situation of overtaking (relative to the options of the overtaking vessel and the overtaken vessel; as well as the overtaken vessel and the overtaking vessel), the situation when vessel are metting on reciprocal or nearly reciprocal courses, the vessel crossing situation. For each of these situations, analytical dependencies are proposed for determining dangerous courses of movement of vessels that prevent their collision. The proposed solutions contribute to the creation of a method of controlling the movement of vessels during the occurrence of various situations of their dangerous approaching.

The obtained results indicate the possibility of using the developed analytical expressions in modern electronic automatic systems operating on a real-time basis for the purpose of determining and solving divergence tasks, which are essential support for navigation officers during situations of the vessel dangerous divergences.