WAYS OF TRANSFORMATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM OF SEARCH AND RESCUE AT SEA IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE THIRD WORLD WAR OF THE NEW HYBRID TYPE (SAR)

Abstract

The international search and rescue (SAR) system in maritime transport traditionally relies on electromagnetic and satellite communication and positioning channels COSPAS-SARSAT, GMDSS, the effectiveness of which in a new hybrid type of war is reduced due to electronic warfare, spoofing and other forms of electromagnetic weapons. The article substantiates the directions of SAR transformation, which are associated with a return to hydroacoustic means of monitoring and positioning disaster sites based on the SOFAR waveguide as a channel resistant to electromagnetic influences and suitable for covert attribution of underwater incidents critical for the safety of shipping and underwater infrastructure. It is shown that empirical hydroacoustics does not allow explaining the spatial variability of SOFAR efficiency, as well as its practical absence in the Black and Mediterranean Seas, which has direct consequences for future routes and logistics of maritime transport, taking into account the risks of modern SAR. A physical interpretation of the formation of SOFAR is proposed based on the Newton-Laplace theory with an emphasis on the role of water elasticity and structural effects inherent exclusively to the aquatic environment. The results obtained form the scientific basis for the integration of passive bottom and network hydroacoustic systems in SAR of maritime transport as a backup/backup circuit in conditions of hybrid warfare: risks of sabotage, accidents and loss of communication